Energy Storage Systems for Integration of Renewables
Hultholm, Christian (2008)
Kuvaus
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Tiivistelmä
For short durations, energy storage can contribute to improved frequency and voltage control, while it during longer periods offers sophisticated energy management. In the case of renewable energy sources, the power generation is often remotely located and the fluctuations are considerable, which creates pronounced potential for storage.
The energy storage market for small-scale applications has traditionally been dominated by the lead-acid battery, whereas pumped hydro storage has been the only true option for substantial bulk storage. However, the importance of the emerging alternative tech-nologies continues to grow. In this thesis, a comparison of the characteristics, present use, costs and state-of-the-art situation of the alternative technologies is provided, in order to assess which of them have a near-future potential as superior successors to pre-vious technologies. In parallel, their applicability for the needs of renewable energy generation and the directions of development are analyzed. This part of the study is primarily based on comprehensively examining and reviewing application specific lite-rature and applying it to the field of renewable energy generation.
In order to assess the concrete benefits of energy storage for renewable generation, two fictive scenarios, featuring a wind turbine and a photovoltaic based system, respectively, are devised. Both are stand-alone systems modeled with data from a weather station lo-cated in Burgenland, Austria, and are completed with a typical Austrian load profile. For the given conditions, the profitability of energy storage proved to be greater in combination with a PV plant, than together with the wind power system. On the other hand, when only considering the situation from an energy perspective, the contribution of large-scale storage is greater in the wind system.
Proper storage enables an optimal exploitation of the obtainable resources and provides a significant contribution to power quality. However, a completely independent system is not economically feasible solely through energy storage. Several emerging technolo-gies, offering attractive improvements, are approaching commercialization, but primari-ly due to cost-efficiency, as well as reliability, the lead-acid battery and the pumped hy-dro storage will still remain in key positions.
The energy storage market for small-scale applications has traditionally been dominated by the lead-acid battery, whereas pumped hydro storage has been the only true option for substantial bulk storage. However, the importance of the emerging alternative tech-nologies continues to grow. In this thesis, a comparison of the characteristics, present use, costs and state-of-the-art situation of the alternative technologies is provided, in order to assess which of them have a near-future potential as superior successors to pre-vious technologies. In parallel, their applicability for the needs of renewable energy generation and the directions of development are analyzed. This part of the study is primarily based on comprehensively examining and reviewing application specific lite-rature and applying it to the field of renewable energy generation.
In order to assess the concrete benefits of energy storage for renewable generation, two fictive scenarios, featuring a wind turbine and a photovoltaic based system, respectively, are devised. Both are stand-alone systems modeled with data from a weather station lo-cated in Burgenland, Austria, and are completed with a typical Austrian load profile. For the given conditions, the profitability of energy storage proved to be greater in combination with a PV plant, than together with the wind power system. On the other hand, when only considering the situation from an energy perspective, the contribution of large-scale storage is greater in the wind system.
Proper storage enables an optimal exploitation of the obtainable resources and provides a significant contribution to power quality. However, a completely independent system is not economically feasible solely through energy storage. Several emerging technolo-gies, offering attractive improvements, are approaching commercialization, but primari-ly due to cost-efficiency, as well as reliability, the lead-acid battery and the pumped hy-dro storage will still remain in key positions.