Risk, generative AI, disinformation control, global supply chains, and social impacts

Abstract

The use of generative artificial intelligence (GenAI) is increasing the control risks in business operations. Disinformation control and geopolitical risk management are emerging concerns for supply chains. In the presence of these developments, this study addresses a gap in literature by applying balance-of-power theory (BPT), and it employs partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) to test the framework and relationships. Data were collected through a survey of 209 managers in China's maritime logistics sector. The sample covers shipping, freight services, port operations and maritime support services in Shanghai, Ningbo and Qingdao. The results show that geopolitical risk reduction (GRR) is the main driver of global supply chain resilience (GSCR). GenAI use partly explains how GRR translates into stronger GSCR. The findings also show that the role of GRR depends on unity and balance of power. These factors support global supply chain resilience and help control quality, time and cost in operations. Disinformation control has a positive moderating effect and further strengthens GSCR in maritime activities. The study contributes to research on BPT, GRR and the growing use of GenAI in supply chains. It also offers theoretical, practical and policy insights and outlines directions for future research.