Techno-Economic Modelling and Optimization of Grid Connected PV-BESS Using a Linear Programming

Abstract

With the worldwide turn to sustainable energy systems, photovoltaic (PV)-battery energy storage systems (PV-BESS) are at the center of elimination of grid-dependence and the maximization of energy use. By combining solar, wind energy and battery power, such systems are not only going to help reduce the emissions of carbon but also increase the efficiency of energy. The difficulty in maximizing energy use, grid tariffs, and integration of renewable energy is a serious problem despite its potential. The current optimization techniques are usually unable to resolve the intricacies of cost analysis and grid dependence in systems and this is where the gap that our research seeks to fill.

I applied Linear Programming (LP) optimization to optimize energy expenses and minimize the reliance on grid power, as well as enhance the overall energy efficiency of grid-connected PV-BESS systems. In particular, the study examines the roles of LP optimization in energy consumption optimization, economic effects of time-of-use (TOU) grid pricing, and battery storage system performance. Through the use of LP, the research should be employed to improve the cost-efficiency of energy systems and to incorporate renewable sources of energy in a more effective manner. The economic feasibility of the PV-BESS systems was analyzed by PV-BESS optimization models and real-world data were taken over Finnish Meteorological Institute and Vaasan Sähkö Distribution Company during the months of January to December 2020. The great importance of LP optimization in the way to gain a high level of cost savings with operating efficiently of renewable energy and battery storage. The LP model was discovered to minimize the costs in terms of exploiting less expensive energy in the off-peak periods, especially when TOU grid pricing is employed. Also, battery storage was imperative in minimizing grid power consumption, particularly when it is in peak demand.

These results imply that the tool of LP optimization is an efficient one in the management of energy costs and maintenance of the cost-effective and sustainable energy system. The study will make a contribution to the energy optimization research by providing a new tool of using LP optimization in combination with grid-connected PV-BESS systems particularly in terms of TOU price schedule along with clustering renewable energy to minimize grid dependence and lower the expenditures on energy. It offers worth to both energy system designers, utility companies and policymakers in evolving on the economics of renewable energy systems. The current research opens the door to future developments in real-time dynamic pricing, battery degradation, and more sophisticated forecasting models to optimize energy systems even more towards a more sustainable future.