The spirit of sauna : legitimating the Finnish place brand

Abstract

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate inhabitants of Finland and their continuing efforts to narrate a national identity within the constraints imposed by discursive meanings of Finnish culture through the experience of sauna. Design/methodology/approach Data collection comprised of semi-structured interviews with Finnish local residents and entrepreneurs; these were supplemented with secondary data including books, articles, advertisements, and documents referencing sauna in the context of Finland. Findings The analysis and interpretation by the authors show that the symbolic resource of sauna constitutes the legitimation of Finnish nation branding discourses at three levels: regulative, normative, and cultural-cognitive; we label these (i) sauna governance; (ii) communal identity creation; and, (iii) mythmaking, respectively. Originality/value The research contribution reveals that nation branding discourses are also forms of legitimation work. Finnish nation branding discourses are interwoven with sauna as the symbolic resource of ‘Finnishness’ and become conduits for the expression of discursive meanings. This demonstrates that institutional legitimacy is an intrinsic aspect of the ways place branding discourses can be used as a mode of governance (i.e., a policy instrument).