Managing WasteWOIMA Air Pollution Control residue (APCr)
Safo, Prince (2019)
Kuvaus
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Tiivistelmä
This thesis focuses on the management of air pollution control residue (APCr) that are produced by waste to energy (WtE) or energy from waste (EfW) incineration plant. The WtE or EfW plant uses a combustion chamber to incinerate wide range of waste materials to reduce the volume and the environmental impact of the waste. The incineration process generates bottom ash and flue gases. The flue gases generated by the plant are managed with flue gas treatment (FGT) and air pollution control (APC) systems to produce APCr.
WOIMA Finland Oy is the case company that requested for this research work. WOIMA aim to provide an innovative circular economy solution for global waste management, which includes the APCr WOIMA waste incineration plant will produce.
The research focused on two questions: What alternatives are available for managing the APCr onsite? And What solutions can be used to improve the management of the APCr offsite? The thesis work was theoretical based. The research used exploratory approach to examine literatures and conduct interviews. The thesis developed into a qualitative research with facts analysis and discussion. To solve the problem statement, the thesis observed all factors that influences APCr composition such as the waste used as fuel, waste management systems, flue gas treatment (FGT) and air pollution control (APC) systems.
The thesis research observed types of waste, classes of waste and waste management facilities since it has direct influence on the APCr produced by a waste incinerator plant. Westenergy plant was the facility visited for field studies with questionnaires for understanding the processes involved in a waste to energy incineration plant. Several topics were discussed during the interview, which included the type of waste used in their plant, flue gas treatment (FGT) systems, air pollution control systems, APCr removing process from the plant, APCr transportation and APCr treatment information.
The research examined the theories available for managing APCr which where Backfilling, treatment and landfilling, decontamination /detoxification, product manufacturing, practical applications and recovery of materials. Some criteria based on EU Directive 2018/851 and WOIMA Finland Oy requirement for managing WOIMA APCr was used for selecting the best APCr management theories. The thesis identified product manufacturing as the best and recovery of materials as the second best APCr management theory available for manage APCr according to the selected criteria.
Carbon8 Aggregate and Tetronics International knowhow were the technologies selected for further study because Carbon8 and Tetronics applications correlate to the protection of the environment alone with product manufacturing and recovery of materials. The objective of the thesis was to identify the best solutions for managing the APCr both on and off the plant site. To decide on the finest solutions for managing the APCr, some selected criteria was adopted. Carbon8 Aggregate technology was recognized as the top APCr managing solution with the most benefit both on and off the plant site. However, Tetronics International technology was acknowledged as the finest solution for reducing the harmful characteristics of all APCr.
WOIMA Finland Oy is the case company that requested for this research work. WOIMA aim to provide an innovative circular economy solution for global waste management, which includes the APCr WOIMA waste incineration plant will produce.
The research focused on two questions: What alternatives are available for managing the APCr onsite? And What solutions can be used to improve the management of the APCr offsite? The thesis work was theoretical based. The research used exploratory approach to examine literatures and conduct interviews. The thesis developed into a qualitative research with facts analysis and discussion. To solve the problem statement, the thesis observed all factors that influences APCr composition such as the waste used as fuel, waste management systems, flue gas treatment (FGT) and air pollution control (APC) systems.
The thesis research observed types of waste, classes of waste and waste management facilities since it has direct influence on the APCr produced by a waste incinerator plant. Westenergy plant was the facility visited for field studies with questionnaires for understanding the processes involved in a waste to energy incineration plant. Several topics were discussed during the interview, which included the type of waste used in their plant, flue gas treatment (FGT) systems, air pollution control systems, APCr removing process from the plant, APCr transportation and APCr treatment information.
The research examined the theories available for managing APCr which where Backfilling, treatment and landfilling, decontamination /detoxification, product manufacturing, practical applications and recovery of materials. Some criteria based on EU Directive 2018/851 and WOIMA Finland Oy requirement for managing WOIMA APCr was used for selecting the best APCr management theories. The thesis identified product manufacturing as the best and recovery of materials as the second best APCr management theory available for manage APCr according to the selected criteria.
Carbon8 Aggregate and Tetronics International knowhow were the technologies selected for further study because Carbon8 and Tetronics applications correlate to the protection of the environment alone with product manufacturing and recovery of materials. The objective of the thesis was to identify the best solutions for managing the APCr both on and off the plant site. To decide on the finest solutions for managing the APCr, some selected criteria was adopted. Carbon8 Aggregate technology was recognized as the top APCr managing solution with the most benefit both on and off the plant site. However, Tetronics International technology was acknowledged as the finest solution for reducing the harmful characteristics of all APCr.