Designing Heuristics for Accessible Online Text Production

Governments and public organisations provide digital services and share information on websites, so web content needs to be accessible to all citizens. Text remains the main form of providing information, and reading is the primary way to interact with digital services. However, existing guidelines are not adequate for content creators in public organisations. The wide scope and technicality of these guidelines make them confusing, difficult to understand and challenging to implement. To respond to this emerging need, in this paper, we contribute improvements to the guidance of accessible text production by proposing heuristics with a design science approach. Specifically, we (1) review accessibility guidelines and determine improvement factors related to text accessibility, (2) establish a design and evaluation workshop with 38 students, and (3) verify the feasibility of the proposal with content creators. Our evidence shows that the proposed accessibility heuristics are clear and easy to understand, and they are useful for content creators.